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                  <text>September 25 , 1978

St. Clair, M.D.
Fincastle Building
Louisville, Kentucky l$0202

Harvey
319

Dear Harvey,

‘

ECT at this
in a number of reports
available to you in the
next few months. The Task Force of the APA completed its report in
the spring and it will be published in November, edited by Fred
Frankel. The NIMH held its conferenece in February and its report
is due early next year. And I have written an extensive review of
my experience with ECT and this will be published in January by

It is

funny you should ask about

time. The answer has recently been written
which are now in press and which should be

Raven Press under the

Practice".

title:

unilateral

"Convulsive Therapy: Theory and

In each of these reviews, the conclusions are the same.
efficacy of ECT is related to the frequency and number of
seizures induced in the brain, and not to the mode of induction.
Thus, there is good evidence that the clinical efficacy for unilateral
and bilateral ECT is the sine. There is one problem with unilateral
ECT, however, and that is that missed seizures are more frequent.
The amount of current necessary to induce a seizure with unilateral
electrodes is significantly higher; high enough for some therapists
not to elicit a seizure for each application. Since many present day
therapisys use barbiturate-suecinylcholine anesthesia, the seizure is
masked and there is a mistake possible when the therapist does not
monitor the duration of the seizure using one of the estabilshed
monitoring methods: blood pressure cuff inflated befbre Anectine,
EEG or EMG.
The

indicated, there is excellent evidence that memory
effects are significantly less after ECT with unilateral nonOdominat
As you

ECT

than after

remains

bilateral ECT. Therefore, the treatment of choice

unilateral non-dominat

ECT.

If

you wish a recent published review before the new ones
you see the chapter by d'Elia in "Psychobiology of
Convulsive Therapy" edited by Fink Kety, McGaugh and Williams,
Washington, D.C., V.H. Winston &amp; Sons, lQTh.

appear, I suggest

I trust this is helpful.

My

regards.

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