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                  <text>.v,w...1.vAw..-u.--~v-

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Ely 5, 1978

Neil

B. Schofield, H.D.
Flaker Drive
Wykoff, N.J. o7u31
M16

Dear Dr. Schofield,
The question of fractures after ECT has not been
assessed recently. Neither in the Task Force Report nor in the many
recent reviews, has the issue been raised. Perhaps. because the
problem seems to have been solved by the introduction of succinylcholine. There are a number of studies assessing the impact of
succinylcholine on practice, but these appeared soon after the
first papers on the drug, about 1963. The ninth meeting of the
Electroshock Research Association in 1953 discussed the effects
in some deeail (Confinia Neurologica 132313 ff, 1953). Some reports
are cited by Kalinowsky and Hippius, but these are not well

documented.

The

best reports comparing modified

and unmodified ECT

are those of Havens (1958) and Huggins, Sandifer and Pearson (1969).
I would start with those as the baseefor any studies now.
I

am

sorry that I cannot be of more help, but the topic

has not been covered recently.
Good

luck.
Sincerely yours,
Fink, H.D.
Professor of Psychiatry
Max

3‘:

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