<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<item xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" itemId="5608" public="1" featured="0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="http://exhibits.library.stonybrook.edu/mfp/items/show/5608?output=omeka-xml" accessDate="2026-06-15T01:28:55+00:00">
  <fileContainer>
    <file fileId="6065">
      <src>http://exhibits.library.stonybrook.edu/mfp/files/original/a83a2a05e209e7c21e90f1c9112504fe.pdf</src>
      <authentication>df3f1896a573e9d6c6f21ed0022c65e7</authentication>
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="4">
          <name>PDF Text</name>
          <description/>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="52">
              <name>Text</name>
              <description/>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="106672">
                  <text>731~631

April 19. 1973
Beynour Kety, M;D.,

Professor of Psychiatry.
Ehrverd Mhdieal ﬁchool,

hissechnsetts General Hosyitel,
Fruit Street.

Boston, Ma”. 02121:.

5

Since reading the summary of the ECT conference. I have
had time to reflect on the eenelusions. I as writing to reise
some questions. not about the summery presentation. but the
tonelusion of the role of cholinergic mechanisms. As I

understand the relevant paragraphs (page: 5a6), the date for
the role fbr seetyloholine ere unimgressive. and do not meet
the ariterie fer relevance, set teeth in your earlier
peregrephs. The persgrsph focuses on the report by Karcxsnr.

years ago I reviewed the data relevant for a
(1) I fbund the ehenges in cholinergie
measures ta have s time tour-e similar to the heheviorel
(end electrogrsphie) effects. (2) Specificity was herd to
demonstrate, but eerehrel trenme and neurological illnesses
did not exhibit the seas eholinergie effeets of seizures.
(3) Using sntilhelinergie drugs, I was dble to reverse the
electrogrsphia and behavioral effects of EﬂT. The date are
not avervhehsing. but teken as a whole, the ante impressed
me that eholinergie mechanisms were relevant to the ECT process.
Some

ahelinergie hypothesis.

objection to the hypothesis is thst entheholinergic
drugs. like Ditrqn, have elinieal entidepreesant activity;
end the suggestion I msde in 1958 that iuiprnnine has
entieholinergic activity also refleets on e eholinergic
hypothesis.
An

In your summary in Doredo Beech. you viewed scetylcholine
ss relevent to the seizure threshold and as reflecting the
widespread activation of neurGBS“, without specificity. I
thought then that your argument use cogent. Particularly,
that seetyleholins. es en ubiquitous trunsmitter, may reflect
the inpeet of the massive discharges oceseioned by the eeixure~
inducing agent.

But

this hytotheeis. of nonuepecifieity, is

�Seymour Katy,
on no more

~2-

April 19, 1973

substantial footing than the suggestions of

epeoiticity. Indeed, the more prudent course may be not to
enticipete which neurohnaor is the more important, but to
reflect on all.
for the role of biogenie amines

who evidence

changes in protein synthenie in

part, this

may

and

is well documented. In
reflect the availnbility of adequate and
BOT

toehnioelly simple

methods of nnnlysie. In ooneidering the
ohelinergio hypothesis, vn are faced by the technical problems
and ineoouracy or hionsaay methods. Such difficulty must have

contributed to the peueity or studies in ECT. I knoV'thnt
this technical difficulty has deverely impeded my studies,
for when we did biouetdye for AOh, we found them too unrelidble.
But. from this vantage point, descriptions of improved methods
for assaying acetylcholine (gas chromatography - mesa
spectrometry en deeoribed by Jenden at the ACE? in 1972. is
an exonple) encourage me that more adequate tests of oholinorgie
hypotheses in

ECT

are feasible.

will be read and en your opinion is highly
valued. your conclusions may influence further studies of
ECT. Alex did not present the oholinergio date well; and I
Your summary

cannot do

better.

Presuming on our companionship, I am enclosing a copy
1966 summary. The data are meager, but may be nutricient
to quicken your interest in presenting the cholinergio date
with slightly more optimism. Should you wish to do so, fine;
thould you‘wish to ignore this point, I will not be offended.

or

my

:
"T

5-12-17va

3.9.

you

The volume in almost complete, and once again I thank
and encouragement.

for your advice

my

":7'1(‘l

':3

best regards,
Sincerely yours,

nmwv-w—

“If
-r=:

Mex

12m

MF/id
Ene.

Fink,

M.D.

�</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </file>
  </fileContainer>
  <collection collectionId="1">
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1">
                <text>Correspondence</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </collection>
  <itemType itemTypeId="1">
    <name>Text</name>
    <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
  </itemType>
  <elementSetContainer>
    <elementSet elementSetId="1">
      <name>Dublin Core</name>
      <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="50">
          <name>Title</name>
          <description>A name given to the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="56074">
              <text>Correspondence to: McGaugh, James</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="51">
          <name>Type</name>
          <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="56075">
              <text>Text</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="43">
          <name>Identifier</name>
          <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="56076">
              <text>mfp-05-00-027-1-090</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="40">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="56077">
              <text>1973 </text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="39">
          <name>Creator</name>
          <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="56078">
              <text>&lt;a title="Fink, Max, 1923-" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79039548" target="_blank"&gt;Fink, Max, 1923-&lt;/a&gt;</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="49">
          <name>Subject</name>
          <description>The topic of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="56079">
              <text>Correspondence -- Correspondence</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="46">
          <name>Relation</name>
          <description>A related resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="56080">
              <text>The Max Fink Collection</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="41">
          <name>Description</name>
          <description>An account of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="56081">
              <text/>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="47">
          <name>Rights</name>
          <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="56082">
              <text>&lt;a title="IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED" href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/" target="_blank"&gt;IN COPYRIGHT - EDUCATIONAL USE PERMITTED&lt;/a&gt;</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="48">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="56083">
              <text>Special Collections and University Archives, University Libraries. Stony Brook University Libraries (State University of New York).</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="44">
          <name>Language</name>
          <description>A language of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="79810">
              <text>en-US</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="42">
          <name>Format</name>
          <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="86371">
              <text>application/pdf</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="45">
          <name>Publisher</name>
          <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="92932">
              <text/>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="37">
          <name>Contributor</name>
          <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="99493">
              <text/>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </elementSet>
  </elementSetContainer>
  <tagContainer>
    <tag tagId="4">
      <name>Correspondence</name>
    </tag>
  </tagContainer>
</item>
