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                  <text>‘-

mw-wmn-vu

:—

1,:—-.m-

«r»

n;

:45»;

:er

m.

-'V""P‘u'&lt;1"nz"ymu

Hr. Ha: Singar

March 7, 1970

Hudscn Institute
Cratenmen-Hudson, ﬂew York

Dear Mr. Singer,

I hnva read your interim report and apttndices with
interest, particularly since tha viawa are both novel and
engaging. A heroin diﬁttibution system, if faaaibla, may indeed
be a useful interim step in reducing the opiata abuae probleg.
An immediate reaction is raferanta to tha reputed failura of the
Britiih system, and your teviaw of that 'failure' is too superficial
to be convincing. I 3139 believe that our present climate will
not allaw such a system unlass it is encumbered by psychotherapy,
social tharapy, rehabilitatian, gtuup therapy. ggg,~ and this will
increase the costs markedly. Is this not nae of the handicaps of
the ﬂaw York State system, that it pays lip setvica to all systems.
much

having none

at its can i

I wauld immediately agree that tha heroin addiction
ptoblem~is not purely a medical problem, and that the solution
is not purely a madical oat. But that was also the status of the
syphilis, the tuberculasia and the leprosy problems. before medical
sclutiona wart definad. These medical solutions plus tha social
has had tht major impact in raducing the tragedies of these, now
curable, diaeaaea.

Since discussing our praposal for unloxona with you, we
have reviewei tha cyclazocint data, and find that the same approach
is feaaible for this drug as wall~~ that increasing the costs of
our proposal, since two drugs ought-to be studied. We are not
optimistic that either the ﬂaw York State nor the National Institute
of Mental Eaalth will provide fundu~~ both have said all the nice

things like the idea is excellent and tha awed is great. BUT . . .
differ in their ”BUT’S"? the results will be the same. we have
aleo made a presentation to the lawyers cf the Vera Institute, who
alao spoke highly at the ideas but "BUT«TED” the possibility of
They

tunding away.

�Max

Singer

0..HOODGIO.QiﬁtboblotOO‘OIOOIOOIOOOUOOMarch 7, 1970

principal question of your letter relates to the
of
channeling
opiate users to other substances if a concerted
governmental action inhibits the use of heroin. Indeed, that is
likely. Let us suppose that the heroin (opiate) use is severely
inhibited, and marijuana use increases markedly. So long as the
penalties for marijuana uoe remain the same, the results iutterms
of crime will be the same. But is it necessary to maintain the
fiction that marijuana in as deleterious as opiates ? I have
worked with both types of substances, and have read the literature
carefully. There is no relation in pharmacology or physiology
between the substances. One is Beverly toxic to the body, causing
extensive chemical chengeo that persist for weeks, months and
perhaps years; the other, minimal changes, of a transient nature.
Deaths do not occur with cannabis; they do with opiates. That is a
sufficient basis for me to consider the channeling of opiate users
to marijuana to be a social good, not evil, in the present climate
(provided the penalties were removed for marijuana use).
The

for the ’soft~drugs‘, here too, the pharmacology and
of
physiology
methedrine, amphetamine and the barbiturates are
sufficiently unique that the distinction from ooiatee is easy.
Addiction may occur, but deaths are lose common; dosages necessary
are very large for fatality; and while I am not so enthusiastic
about channeling to these drugs from opiates, I consider them
eo much less damaging, one addiction so difficult to achieve, that
e ‘uer' on opiates with a resultant increase in the abuse of
these drugs is still a useful 'wer’. (In the balance of nature,
the abuse of these drugs seems less commonly achievable than the
abuse of alcohol, and we have been able to live with that abuse
as a nation.)
As

-

You mey be pleased to know that the National Institute
of Mantel Health has looked upon our suggestion that a team of
atientiote be sent to Greece to study chronic (20»30 year) heehieh

users with

some

favor, and called to any that that contract will
effort to obtain some

be awarded effective June 1. This will be our
data on chronic cannabis abuse (use).

for the comments, the questions, and especially
for the preliminary reports with their novel (7daring?) suggestions.
Thank you

Sincerely yours,
Fink, M.D.
Profeaoor of Psychiatry

Max

mf/

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