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                  <text>”was

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December 18, 1969
Dr. Alfred Freedman

Department of Psychiatry
York Medical College

New

5

East

New

102nd

York,

New

Street

York 10029

Dear A1,
I have just completed two sessions with the second year
medical students in a laboratory demonstration in psychopharmacology. The students were cooperative and the demonstration
was successful in eliciting the powerful effects of set and
expectation on the evaluation of drug effects.
The schedule allowed time for discussion and in an open
inquiry period, I became concerned that the students who did
express themselves, indicated attitudes that are inconsistent

with human

clinical psychoPharmacology, as I View it. They
modern drugs were ineffective, or effective

suggested that

only as placebos;

the dosage ranges they discussed were subthreshold

for the mentally ill in our institution; and there was
emphasis on the toxic effects of psychoactive drugs.

an

inordinate

of these attitudes may be derived from their present
lecturers, most, if not all, being animal pharmacologists with
limited clinical experience. I am reviewing training programs
in psychopharmacology for the ACE? meeting in February, and
as I review our programs. both undergraduate and graduate, I
wonder if a more clinical, or clinical—experimental View could
not be provided.
Some

git),

best

e

Sincerely yours,

Professor of Psychiatry
HF :kp

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ﬂecember 18,'1969
Dr. Alfred Freedman

York Medical College

New

Department of Psychiatry
5 East 102nd Street
New York, New York 10029
Dear Al,
I would

like to

recommend Dr. Alex Karczmar

for your

consideration for an appointment in the Department, as an
experimental pharmacologist, for the research units at the
New Community Mental Health Center.
His curriculum vitae
and publication lists are attached.
I know him principally from his participation at the
and CINP meetings. He is a valuable and expressive
speaker, and has a good grasp of experimental psychopharmacology.
He seems to relate well to clinicians, and I have found him cooperative and interested in the same subjects that interest me,
ACNP

particularly cholinergic aspects of behavior.
While it may be premature to nominate candidates for the
laboratories, I am aware that it takes up to 2 years to separate
a good candidate. Alex has expressed an interest in an opportunity
in

New

York.

Sincerely yours,
Max

Fink, M.D.

Professor of Psychiatry

HF2kp

enc.

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