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                  <text>October 22,

19634

Dr. Fini Sehuleinger
Chief Huysioim, Psychiatric Clinic

Kamehoepitalet

,

Copenhagen K. , Dermmk

DearFini:

Itwasegmttpleasuretohearfmnyou, andIam

pleased to write you on the second anniversary of the estab—
lishment of our Institute. As you described the problem in
establishing om study, you can well imagine the problem of
establishing many. It has been an interesting time and during

‘

tmpest fwmnmlfindmatlhedefwowesimsmml

could return to the research world. I am very soda interested
in your study, for if you om separate the congenital problems
from enviromentel in schizopluenie you will be doing much for
our field. One of our studies is an attempt to measure neurophysiologio differences in thwe patients who are still in the
institution and those who leave after relatively short periods
of tmetrmnt. Our enphasis, as you can imagine, is to determine

differences in msponsivity in the subjects to external agents.
and
these differences in terms of EEG charges, tolerance

mm

and some biochemical.

masons.
I an pleased also to try to answer yew question
about BCI‘. This problem is an old one and when I did sous studies
in commisive thempy looked seriwsly at the differences between
direct cutout md alternating ourment instnrnents. You may re»
cell that early in the 1950's there was a great deal of interest
met subomwlsive or direct current treetnent might have fewer
side effects than the conventional alternating current methods.
As a consequence, during one of our studies we compmd the clinical,
electrmphic, and psychological test charges in a group of patients
randomly assimed to suboonvulsive, threshold omvulsive using an
alternating cutout instmment, e convulsive nethod using direct
.

.

~

current (parethreshold—«direotionel on the figure) and suprathreshold—alternating current instrument. The results
ized in the short report in the diseases of the Nervous System,
and in the figure which I am pleased to enclose. Depending on your

m SW
.2:

�October 22,

52..

196|+

Dr. Fini Schulsinger

theoretical model for the node of action of convulsive
therapy, you will either believe that high degree slow
wave activity in the electroencephalog‘mn is an important
and variable index in the therapeutic response or you will
believe that it is a side effect with mgative cometations.
will
If you believe the former, as I do, then the figureachieved
slow
wave
damastrate that high deﬁes
activity is
with suprethreshold alternating oment instrumnt earlier
and smtained better during a three times a week treatment
.

period than with any other method. The differences between
the three convulsive methods and subconvmsive is very significmt. The differenms between the convulsive treaumnt
methods is slight. When Martin Green and I did this study,
we used to say that therapists in private practice using
unidirectimal mdﬁms world on the average make $25~50
mm per- patient than those using the alternating cument

Mine! Bythisweneantthattheywouldtendtoseevarious
than those patients
five days

clinical results three to
later
treated by supmthreslmld alternating current nethods. So,
inanswertoyowquestim, ifIhadtobuyamaclﬁnehem
I would insist on an alternating current instrument. Plowever,
I had a midirectional machine available at no cost, I
if
muld wider the difference so trivial that I would comtinue to use that machine.
What

ever happened to your comtional Per

is

Usden?

are rapidly approaching our winter seasm. Temis is still my major pre-occupation,
and when I do not travel for the National Institute of Health
or for the Institute, I find the days in St. Louis pleasant
and relaxing. I missed visiting you this sumer, and I regret
that my assodate did not visit you became I feel that he
could have learned much. However, there will be another- summer
The summer

and

over here and

we

I will look forward to visiting with

oppor'tmiity.
My

'

enes.

at 115: earliest

best regards to your family and to Dr. Katy.
.

Inf/ls

you

Sincerely yours ,
1%

PM, NJ).

Director

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